منابع مشابه
The Etiology of Specific Phobias: a Review
The present article summarizes themy and data about symptomutology, epid.emio&y, and etiology of specijii phobias. Additionally, the cognitive mechanisms involved in specific phobias are briefly discussed. By and Icrrg, the general pattern behind tk development of specific phobias can be summarized as follows. Specijk fears are highly preualent among young children. In most children, these fear...
متن کاملThe Etiology of Phobias: a Nonassociative Account
Theories of the origin and maintenance of fears and phobias have had a profound influence on the kinds of treatments employed in the phobic disorders. In view of this influence, the present review considers the considerable controversy surrounding the major etiological models. First, the various forms of the associative learning account are examined. It is argued that each of these approaches h...
متن کاملThe etiology of specific fears and phobias in children: a critique of the non-associative account.
The non-associative account of phobic etiology assumes that a number of specific fears (e.g., fear of heights, water, spiders, strangers, and separation) have an evolutionary background and may occur in the absence of learning experiences (e.g., conditioning). By this view, these specific fears pertain to stimuli that once posed a challenge to the survival of our prehistoric ancestors. Accordin...
متن کاملVirtual Reality Treatments for Specific Phobias: A Review
Virtual reality is becoming one of the seamless technology which can be used to treat several psychological problems such as anxiety disorders. With the advancement of technology virtual reality is becoming available to ordinary practitioners to carry out non-clinical therapies. An effective virtual reality system provides the user with total immersion and becomes a part of the virtual world. T...
متن کاملManagement of Specific Phobias
Specific phobias are considered among the most common mental disorders. Besides structured and semistructured interviews various self report measures and behavioral approach tests form an important part of comprehensive assessment. Exposure based therapies (EBT) outperform most nonexposure treatments and are considered the treatment of choice. Various factors affect the efficacy of EBT and newe...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Clinical Psychology Review
سال: 1996
ISSN: 0272-7358
DOI: 10.1016/0272-7358(96)00014-1